Manifold for medical waste collection device

ABSTRACT

Medical waste collection manifolds that that may connect to a vacuum system to create suction, such that liquid, semi-solid, or solid biological or medical waste may be collected are provided. The manifold may be configured to collect hazardous waste in a manner to ensure proper containment.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The current application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.15/143,212, filed Apr. 29, 2016, which application claims priority toU.S. Provisional Application No. 62/183,128, filed Jun. 22, 2015 and toU.S. Provisional Application No. 62/239,646, filed Oct. 9, 2015, thedisclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in theirentirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The current invention is related to a device to collect biologicalwaste; and particularly to a manifold that may collect solid and/orsemi-solid medical waste during medical procedures.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Medical procedures, especially surgeries, generate biological and otherwaste. The waste can constitute a mixture of solids, semi-solids, andliquids, all of which must be collected in a manner that minimizeshazards, such as waste release into the environment. A common way toextract the medical waste is to use a vacuum to draw the waste away fromthe source. Accumulating the waste within a safe, hazard-preventingmanifold is necessary for proper disposal.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The current invention is directed to a manifold device that collectssolid and semi-solid medical waste when attached to a vacuum body, thedevice being used during medical procedures that require collection ofmedical waste by means of suction.

Many embodiments are directed to a manifold for connection to a wastecollection vacuum device, including:

-   -   a manifold body having proximal and distal ends and defining an        internal volume providing a fluid path therebetween, and wherein        the manifold body has an angular bend disposed along the length        thereof, such that the proximal end lies along a first        longitudinal axis and the distal end lies along a second        longitudinal axis, and wherein the first and second longitudinal        axes are angularly offset;    -   a suction port assembly disposed within the proximal end of the        manifold body, and providing at least one suction port providing        a fluid path into the internal volume of the manifold body;    -   a vacuum port disposed within the distal end of the manifold        body, and providing at least one fluid outlet from the internal        volume of the manifold body, the vacuum port being configured to        receive a vacuum inlet integral with the vacuum device;    -   a filter element secured within the internal volume of the        manifold body such that the fluid path between the proximal and        distal ends passes therethrough;    -   at least one orientation feature disposed on the outer surface        of the manifold body and configured to affix the manifold body        within the vacuum device and fix the orientation of the manifold        body relative to the vacuum device; and    -   wherein the manifold body and at least one orientation feature        are configured such that when the manifold body is affixed        within the vacuum device the at least one suction port disposed        in the proximal end of the manifold body is angled upward        relative to the direction of gravity.

In other embodiments the angular offset is greater than 25° and lessthan 90°.

In still other embodiments the angular bend is greater than 30° and lessthan 60°.

In yet other embodiments the angular bend is about 45°.

In still yet other embodiments the angular bend offsets the suction portfrom the fluid path disposed along the second longitudinal axis of themanifold body sufficiently to prevent reflux of a liquid waste backthrough the suction port.

In still yet other embodiments the filter element is a basket disposedalong the second longitudinal axis and containing a plurality ofapertures having at least a first aperture dimension, the plurality ofapertures forming a portion of the fluid path through the manifold body.In many such embodiments the basket has at least one overflow-reliefaperture having a second aperture dimension larger than the at leastfirst aperture dimension; the overflow-relief aperture being positionedadjacent to the top of the manifold body when the manifold body isaffixed within the vacuum device. In many other such embodiments thebasket has a plurality of apertures of at least two different aperturedimensions, and wherein the apertures disposed proximally along thebasket have a larger aperture dimension than the apertures disposeddistally along the basket. In still many other such embodiments thebasket has at least one protrusion disposed around the circumferencethereof configured to cooperatively engage with at least one indentationdisposed within an inner wall of the manifold body to affix the baskettherein. In yet many other such embodiments the at least one protrusionuniquely orients the basket within the manifold body when coupled withthe at least one cooperative indentation.

In still yet other embodiments the proximal end of at least one suctionport is configured to mate with a suction tube.

In still yet other embodiments the suction port assembly comprises aplurality of suction ports.

In still yet other embodiments the suction port assembly furthercomprises a sealing element configured to provide a fluid seal betweenthe suction port assembly and the proximal end of the manifold body. Inmany such embodiments the sealing element is an O ring.

In still yet other embodiments the suction port assembly furthercomprises at least one mechanical lock configured to securelyinterconnect the suction port assembly with the proximal end of themanifold body.

In still yet other embodiments the suction port assembly comprises atleast two suction ports, and wherein the at least two suction ports havedistal outlets that extend Within the internal volume of the manifoldbody, and wherein at least one suction port distally extends furtherwithin the manifold body than at least one other suction port. In manysuch embodiments the variation of distal extension of the at least twosuction ports are configured to reduce turbulence of a flow of fluidinto the internal volume through the suction ports.

In still yet other embodiments the suction port assembly is comprised offour suction ports. In many such embodiments two suction ports aredisposed as upper suction ports and two suction ports are disposed aslower suction ports, such that the upper suction ports are positionedabove the lower suction ports relative to the direction of gravity whenthe manifold body is affixed within the vacuum device. In many othersuch embodiments the distal ends of the upper suction ports are longerthan the distal ends of the lower suction ports, and wherein thedistance that the distal ends of the lower suction ports extend withinthe internal volume is configured such that the distal ends are disposedabove the lowest portion of an overflow aperture disposed within thefilter element, such that reflux of waste up the outlets of the suctionport tubes is prevented.

In still yet other embodiments the at least one suction port has ascalloped opening at the distal end.

In still yet other embodiments he manifold further includes at least onecap capable of fitting onto the proximal portion of the at least onesuction port. In many such embodiments the manifold includes a tetherinterconnecting the at least one cap to the suction port assembly. Inmany other such embodiments the manifold includes at least one supportgusset that binds a sidewall of the at least one cap with the tether.

In still yet other embodiments the vacuum port comprises a resilientvalve body having an openable orifice disposed therein. In many suchembodiments the orifice comprises at least one slit that allows forinsertion of the vacuum inlet. In many other such embodiments the valvebody comprises at least one wing disposed on the valve body edge andconfigured to cooperatively engage the distal end of the manifold body.In still many other such embodiments the valve body has a dome-likeshape that protrudes into the manifold body. In yet many other suchembodiments the valve body is configured such that the vacuum inlet fitswithin the dome-shaped valve body forming a fluid seal therewith.

In still yet other embodiments the vacuum port is offset from the axialcenter of the distal end of the manifold body.

Additional embodiments and features are set forth in part in thedescription that follows, and in part will become apparent to thoseskilled in the art upon examination of the specification or may belearned by the practice of the disclosed subject matter. A furtherunderstanding of the nature and advantages of the present disclosure maybe realized by reference to the remaining portions of the specificationand the drawings, which forms a part of this disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other features and advantages of the present invention will bebetter understood by reference to the following detailed descriptionwhen considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which areshown in schematic form, wherein:

FIGS. 1A and 1B provide schematic perspective and side views of a wastemanifold in accordance with embodiments.

FIGS. 2A and 2B provide schematic perspective and side see-through viewsof a waste manifold in accordance with embodiments.

FIG. 3 provides schematic component views of a waste manifold inaccordance with embodiments.

FIGS. 4A to 4C provide schematic perspective views of a waste manifoldbody in accordance with embodiments.

FIG. 5 provides schematic front views of waste manifold cross-sectionsin accordance with embodiments.

FIGS. 6A and 6B provide schematic cross-sectional views of a wastemanifold body in accordance with embodiments.

FIGS. 7A to 7C provide schematic cross-sectional views and side views offlow paths within waste manifold bodies in accordance with embodiments.

FIGS. 8A and 8B provide schematic side and front views of a wastemanifold filter in accordance with embodiments.

FIG. 9 provides a schematic perspective view of a waste manifold filterin accordance with embodiments.

FIGS. 10A and 10B provides schematic cross-sectional and partiallydisassembled perspective views of a waste manifold filter in accordancewith embodiments.

FIG. 11 provides a schematic rear partially-disassembled perspectiveview of a waste manifold in accordance with embodiments.

FIGS. 12A to 12G provide schematic perspective, side and cross-sectionalviews of vacuum port seals in accordance with embodiments.

FIGS. 13A to 13F provide schematic cross-section views of vacuum portseals in accordance with embodiments.

FIG. 14 provides a schematic side views of a vacuum port seal inaccordance with embodiments.

FIG. 15 provides a schematic side views of a vacuum port seal inaccordance with embodiments.

FIG. 16A to 16C provide schematic partially cross-sectional views of awaste manifold suction port assembly in accordance with embodiments.

FIGS. 17A to 17E provide schematic perspective and partiallycross-sectional views of a waste manifold suction port assembly inaccordance with embodiments.

FIGS. 18A to 18D provide schematic partially cross-sectional views of awaste manifold suction port assembly in accordance with embodiments.

FIG. 19 provides schematic cross-sectional, top and side views of afloating reflux valve in accordance with embodiments.

FIG. 20 provides a schematic cross-sectional view of a suction port tubevalve in accordance with embodiments.

FIGS. 21A to 21C provide schematic perspective views of suction porttube caps in accordance with embodiments.

FIGS. 22A and 22B provide schematic perspective and cross-section viewsof weldable manifold casing halves in accordance with embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Turning to the drawings, medical waste collection manifolds that mayconnect to a vacuum system to create suction, such that liquid,semi-solid, or solid biological or medical waste may be collected areprovided. In many embodiments, the manifold is configured to collecthazardous waste in a manner to ensure proper containment.

In several embodiments, a waste collection manifold has a proximal endwith a suction port that could mate with a suction tube that couldcommunicate with the site of waste generation. In several moreembodiments, a manifold has a distal end with a vacuum port designed tomate with a different tube that could communicate to a vacuum. In otherembodiments, a manifold has a body to connect the suction port andvacuum port. In other more specific embodiments, a manifold body isangled. Some embodiments are directed to filter devices that may trapsolid or semi-solid waste. In more particular embodiments, a filterdevice is a basket. Some other embodiments are directed to a valve bodythat could be used at a vacuum port. In addition, many embodiments aredirected to modular parts capable of forming a waste collectionmanifold. Likewise, some other embodiments are directed to a method ofassembly of a waste collection manifold.

In many embodiments, a manifold body has a tubular shape that extendsfrom the suction port to the vacuum port. In more particularembodiments, a manifold body tube has a circular cross-sectional shape.In other particular embodiments, manifold body tube has an ovularcross-sectional shape. Some embodiments are directed to the manifoldbody having an internal fluid flow chamber configured to allow a filterbasket to be securely situated therein. In some other embodiments,internal shape of the fluid flow chamber within a manifold body isconfigured to improve vacuum flow. In many such embodiments internalstructures are provided to direct and control the fluid flow within themanifold body. In various such embodiments the internal structures mayredirect the fluid flow in one or more directions between the suctionport and the vacuum port.

Many other embodiments are directed to a filter basket configured to besituated within a manifold body. In more embodiments, a filter basket isprovided with a protrusion configured to cooperatively engage a featurewithin the manifold body to orient the basket in a particular positionwithin the manifold body. In even more embodiments, a filter basket hasapertures to allow flow of air or liquid through the basket. In evenother embodiments, a filter basket has apertures of various sizesdisposed along the length thereof. In some other embodiments, a filterdisc can be situated within a manifold body.

In some embodiments, a valve body at the distal end of the manifold isdome-shaped. In other embodiments, a valve body has a slit that mayallow vacuum flow and prohibit solid waste. In other embodiments, avalve body has at least one wing on a portion of an edge that could helpsecure the valve body in a manifold. In various other embodiments thevalve body includes a mechanical portion configured to open or close afluid pathway between the external vacuum source and the internal volumeof the manifold body.

In other embodiments, a suction port at the proximal end of the manifoldhas at least one elongated port tube that extends from manifold to matewith a suction tube. In more embodiments, a suction port has fourelongated ports. Some more embodiments are directed to at least one porttube that extends into the vacuum manifold body. In some alternativeembodiments, a flapper valve is positioned on the distal end of a porttube. In other alternative bodies, a flapper prevents back-flow ofwaste. Even other embodiments are directed to an O-ring that can helpform a seal at the suction port. Even more embodiments are directed toat least one hook that could secure the connection of a suction portwith a manifold body. Still more embodiments are directed to valvesconfigured to open and close fluid pathways between the internal volumeof the manifold body and the suction tubes.

In even other embodiments, a suction port tube comprises a cap to closethe proximal end thereof. In some other embodiments, the cover istethered to the manifold. In some more embodiments, the tether has awide based at the point of connection with the cover that could helpprevent the cap from breaking off the tether. Even some more embodimentsare directed to a nub that could strengthen the attachment of the coverto the tether.

In even more embodiments, the vacuum body may be assembled with at leastone outer casing that can form the outer cover. In some moreembodiments, an outer casing could be lined with a tongue that extrudesoutward. In some other embodiments, an outer casing could be lined witha groove that intrudes inward. In even some other embodiments, thetongue of an outer casing can integrate into the groove of another outercasing. In even some more embodiments, the tongue of an outer casing andthe groove of another outer casing can weld together.

Although a number of medical waste collection manifolds have beendeveloped, these devices may not adequately address severalcomplications that could arise. Previously described manifolds may haveproblems of leakage. Leakage could occur at the point of waste entryinto the manifold or at the point where the vacuum system is connectedto the manifold. Alternatively, leakage may occur at sites ofmanufacture. In addition, the flow of suction could be hampered inpreviously described manifolds, which could require a hasty exchange ofthe manifold while in the midst of a medical procedure. Thesecomplications could endanger a patient or personnel involved in themedical procedure, such as by release of the medical waste into theenvironment.

Accordingly, a need exists for an improved biological waste collectionsystem with improved manifestations such that the safety of patients andpersonnel are better ensured. As such, several embodiments incorporate amedical and/or biological waste collection manifold that may limit thehazards associated with the waste. More embodiments may specificallylimit leakage from the waste collection manifold.

Although the figures and following discussion will provide a detaileddescription of a number of exemplary embodiments of the waste collectionmanifold, it should be understood that any number of designs can be usedto achieve the basic goals of the device. In addition, it should beunderstood that the figures are merely schematic, and that the relativedimensions of the various elements and their relative spacings aremerely exemplary and could be varied by one of ordinary skill in the artwhile remaining within the bounds of this disclosure.

Various embodiments of the waste collection manifold are shown in FIGS.1 to 22, all of which provide a device that may incorporate into amanifold that could collect solid or semi-solid waste arising from amedical procedure.

FIGS. 1A and 1B depict embodiments of a manifold for medical wastecollection. As shown, in many embodiments the manifold has a proximalend (101) that may receive medical or biological waste via suction tubesthat could mate with a suction port assembly (103) disposed thereon. Inaddition, a manifold may have a distal end (105) having a vacuum port(108) configured to interconnect with a vacuum device when engagedtherewith. Between the two ends, a manifold may have an encased body(107) forming a fluid path there between, which encased body may beconfigured to trap liquid, semi-solid, or solid waste therein. Althoughcertain numbers and configurations of suction ports and vacuum ports aredepicted, it should be understood that any number and configuration ofsuch ports may be provided in accordance with embodiments. Likewise,although many embodiments comprise an encased body (107) wherein thedistal and proximal ends thereof are disposed along angularly offsetaxes, as shown in FIG. 1, it should be understood that any number ofencased body configuration are contemplated herein.

FIG. 2 depicts a different embodiment of a manifold for medical wastecollection in which the body (201) is encased in a transparent material,allowing for the visualization of its inner contents. In suchembodiments, a manifold may have a suction port assembly (203) attachedto the proximal end (205) thereof, capable of coupling with suctiontubes. In addition, a manifold may have a vacuum port (207) disposedwithin the distal end (209) thereof, capable of connecting to a vacuum.Within a manifold body along the fluid path formed thereby betweenproximal and distal ends thereof, a filter element (211) may be disposedto capture waste. Again, although certain numbers and configurations ofsuction ports and vacuum ports are depicted, it should be understoodthat any number and configuration of such ports may be provided inaccordance with embodiments. Similarly, although a single filter element(211) is shown being disposed therein, it should be understood that anynumber and configuration of filters may be used capable of separateddesired products from the waste flowing therethrough. Likewise, althoughmany embodiments comprise an encased body (201) wherein the distal andproximal ends thereof are disposed along angularly offset axes, as shownin FIG. 2, it should be understood that any number of encased bodyconfiguration are contemplated herein.

An embodiment of an unassembled waste collection manifold in accordancewith many embodiments is depicted in FIG. 3. In various embodiments amanifold could comprise a plurality of separate modular parts capable ofbeing assembled together. In accordance with embodiments a manifoldcould be comprised of a left outer casing (301) and a right outer casing(303) that could be conjoined to form an enclosed body. In addition, amanifold could include a filter element (305) that may be disposedwithin the enclosed body formed by the left and right outer casings. Insuch embodiments a suction port assembly (307) comprising one or moresuction ports (308) may be attach at the proximal end opening (309) ofthe assembled enclosed manifold body. In such embodiments a seal (310),such as, for example, an O-ring seal or the like, may be providedbetween the suction port assembly and the proximal end opening of theassembled manifold body to ensure a fluid tight seal therebetween.Similarly, a valve port (311) may be insert into the distal end opening(312) of a manifold body to form an openable fluid port therein. Again,although certain numbers and configurations of suction ports and vacuumports are depicted, it should be understood that any number andconfiguration of such ports may be provided in accordance withembodiments. Similarly, although a single basket filter (205) is shownbeing disposed therein, it should be understood that any number andconfiguration of filters may be used capable of separated desiredproducts from the waste flowing therethrough. Likewise, although manyembodiments comprise an encased body (formed of casing halves 301 and303) wherein the distal and proximal ends thereof are disposed alongangularly offset axes, as shown in FIG. 3, it should be understood thatany number of encased body configuration are contemplated herein.

FIGS. 4A to 4C depict an embodiment of an outer casing of the manifoldbody (401). In many embodiments, when assembled, a left outer casing(403) can mate with a right outer casing (404) to form a body definingan internal volume that is configured to provide an enclosed fluid pathbetween proximal (405) and distal (406) ends thereof. As depicted, amanifold body could be configured such that a least a portion (407) ofthe body adjacent the proximal end thereof has an axis (408) that isangularly offset from the axis (409) of the distal end of the manifoldbody, such that, in many embodiments, fluid flow exiting through thevacuum port disposed in the distal end thereof exits along an axisdifferent from the axis through which said fluid entered the manifoldbody in the proximal end thereof. In some embodiments, a manifold body(401) has a substantially circular cross-section (411). In otherembodiments, the distal portion (413) of a manifold body (401) can havea shorter circumference than the proximal portion (415). In some otherembodiments, a manifold body may have protrusions (417) that may enablea manifold to engage and lock into a vacuum device (not shown). In suchembodiments, the protrusions may be configured such that the manifoldmay only be oriented in specific configurations with relation to thevacuum device. In many such embodiments the external key features may beconfigured such that the proximal end axis is angled upward relative tothe direction of gravity when the distal end axis is perpendicular tothe direction of gravity and the manifold body is in the uprightposition (e.g., when the manifold is attached to the vacuum device foroperation).

As shown in FIG. 4C, the relative angle of axis (408) and axis (409) ofthe manifold body may be offset (419) from about 25 to less than 90°.Any suitable angle within this range may be utilized so long as axis(408) is offset sufficiently from axis (409) to prevent backflow (i.e.,reflux) of biota out of the proximal end of the manifold body. Forexample, in many embodiments the angular offset (419) is sufficient suchthat any suction port disposed in the proximal end of the manifold bodyis positioned sufficiently above the fluid level within the manifoldbody to prevent backflow of biota out of the manifold body. In addition,in many embodiments the angular offset (419) is sufficiently less than90° such that the inlet of biota fluid into the manifold body does notimpact against the internal wall of the manifold body at an angle normalto the internal wall. Accordingly, in many embodiments the angularoffset between the axes is from 25 to less than 90°, in otherembodiments the angular offset is from 30 to 60°, and in still otherembodiments the angular offset is around 45°.

Although a specific configuration of angled ends and variablecircumferences are shown, it should be understood that the manifold bodymay take any number of configurations such that the manifold may beengaged between suction tubes and associated vacuum device. For example,as shown in FIG. 5, in many embodiments a manifold body may have anon-circular cross-section. Indeed, as shown, any arbitrarycross-section may be provided in such manifold bodies so long as thedistal end (501) of the manifold body has a cross-sectional dimension(503) sized to cooperatively engage with and rotate in relation to aninlet of the vacuum device such that the vacuum port (505) disposedtherein may be interconnected with the vacuum source. Moreover, as shownin the dashed lines (507), in many embodiments the cross-section of themanifold body may change along the length thereof (e.g., increasing ordecreasing in size) so long as a sufficient portion of the distal end isdimensioned to allow the vacuum port to cooperatively engage the inletof the vacuum device. Accordingly, the manifold body can exist inseveral morphologies along its longitudinal axis, the only requirementsof the body being that the vacuum port be configured to cooperativelyengage the vacuum inlet (e.g., suction tube) of the vacuum device, thatthe manifold body have sufficient internal volume to collect solidbiota, and that the manifold body be able to incorporate any keyedfeatures that need to interface with the existing vacuum device toensure a mechanical lock.

FIG. 6 depicts embodiments of outer casing sides configured tocooperatively join to form a manifold body. A first outer casing (601)or a second outer casing (603) can have a proximal end (605) and distalend (607) with a body formation (609) in between. A manifold body information (609) can have a bend (611) disposed along the length thereofto alter the angle of the axis between the proximal end (605) and distalend (607) such that fluid traversing the manifold body along the fluidpath formed by the formation exits the distal end of the manifold bodythrough the vacuum port outlet (610) along an axis that is angularlyrotated relative to the axis of entry to the manifold body defined bythe proximal end (605) of the body. As previously described, a filterelement (not shown) may be mounted within a manifold body along thefluid path formed thereby. In many embodiments the outer casings mayinclude at least one indentation (613) formed within the inner wall ofthe cases that would be configured to cooperatively engage matingprotrusions disposed within the outer wall of the filter element. Inmany such embodiments the mating of the indentations and the cooperativeprotrusions affix the filter element in place when the filter element isdisposed between the first and second outer casings are cooperativelyjoined. As further shown, the size and/or spacing of the indentationsmay be varied (614) to correspond with similarly varied protrusionsdisposed in the filter element such that the cooperative engagement ofthe casing indentations with the filter element protrusions uniquelyorient the filter element in relation to the manifold body. In addition,a manifold body formation (609) can have a depression (612) disposed onthe lower portion of the casing. A depression (612) in the manifold bodycan allow for a filter element to situate such that the lip of thebasket locates within the depression (613) formation. Furthermore, adepression (612) in the manifold body can also allow for a portion ofthe inner wall of the filter element to be flush, or near-flush, withthe inner wall of the lower portion of the casing such that the flow ofwaste material therein is not occluded by the lip of the filter element.

Although many embodiments show a fluid path that flows in a direct linethrough a manifold body from proximal to distal ends, it should beunderstood that the internal cavity of the manifold body may beconfigured or have elements disposed therein to create any desired fluidpath. For example, as shown in FIG. 7A, in embodiments the fluid pathmay be direct (701), or incorporate internal features, such as fins orinternal passages to provide any number of non-linear fluid pathconfigurations, including, for example, a helical flow path (703) or aserpentine flow path (705), among others, without altering thefundamental structure of the manifold. Alternatively, in someembodiments, as shown in FIG. 7B, the suction port tubes (706) may beextended into the manifold body (707), or the walls of the manifold bodymay include flow-directors (708) such as wings, foils, baffles, orchannels. These extended suction tubes and/or flow-directors may beconfigured to redirect the flow to improve flow from the suction porttubes through the manifold body, into the filter, and through the vacuumport (710) out of the manifold body. In other instances, the extendedsuction tubes and/or flow-directors may be configured to prevent theaccumulation of fluid and debris within the manifold body and/or filterby helping to wash the manifold body and filter walls to improve flow.In yet more instances, the extended suction tubes and/or flow directorsmay be configured to impede flow to intentionally accumulate material inpreferential aspects of the manifold body and filter.

Although the above embodiments all show manifold bodies having proximaland distal inlets and outlets, in fluid communication with each otherthrough a manifold body, it should be understood that any configurationmay be provided that allows for biota to flow between a suction portinlet and a vacuum outlet port. As shown in FIG. 7C, many embodiments ofmanifolds (707) eliminate opposing ends and enables fluid communicationbetween four suction ports (712) and one vacuum port (714). In suchembodiments, tabs (716) may be disposed and configured as required tointerface with the keyed surfaces of the vacuum device for positivelocation and appropriate mechanical fixation therewith. In theseembodiments there is no “manifold body” as all the suction port tubesand vacuum port mate at desired location along the length thereof.Likewise, there are no ends, only interconnected fluid communicationpathways. Although the embodiment shown contains straight pathways thatdeviate from their individual axes and merge, it should be understoodthat the fluid communication pathways could be more complex, convoluted,and/or tortuous. A tortuous pathway could be a preferred embodiment if,for example, the fluid communication pathway is used to mix orhomogenize the material passing through the pathway. Similarly, ifmaximal surface area contact is desired (i.e.,—a catalytic surface), atortuous pathway could ensure that laminar flow is discouraged toenhance flow within the boundary layer. A spiral flow path could bedesirable if a large length to diameter ratio is required to achieve thedesired flow profile. It is conceivable that, in such embodiments, thesuction and vacuum ports could be connected by a series of valves (notshown) to control flow between the various flow-paths within themanifold. Another embodiment of this exhaust manifold contemplatesplacing struts or webs of material (718) between the various flowpathways to increase the overall device mechanical strength (e.g.,—addwebs of material between suction ports to increase the torsionalstrength of the device which improves twisting the device to mount it toexisting equipment). The webs or struts of material may also beconfigured to enhance the function of the orienting/seating tabs (716).

FIG. 8 depicts an embodiment having a basket filter element (801) havinga plurality of fluid apertures (802) disposed in the walls thereof, thebasket filter element being configured to be secured within theassembled manifold body (803). In many such embodiments, the proximalend of a basket can have at least one protrusion (805) near the basketlip (806). The protrusions (805) could be configured to cooperativelyengage indentations that may be located within the inner wall of anouter casing (807). As such, each mating protrusion and respectiveindentation would have a complimentary size such that they couldcooperatively couple and secure the basket filter within the manifoldbody. Some protrusions and their respective coupling indentations mayhave different sizes such that a basket can only be situated within thebody in a limited number of orientations. In one embodiment, a largeprotrusion (808) and respective coupling indentation are disposed on thebasket filet and manifold body, respectively. In another embodiment, abasket filter (801) is configured to be secured and oriented within amanifold body (803) such that an aperture (809) having a larger openingis disposed adjacent to the top portion of the body such that it servesas fluid overflow relief in the event that fluid flow through the otherapertures of the basket filter element become occluded.

An embodiment of a basket filter (901) defining and internal volume isdepicted in FIG. 9. In many embodiments, a basket filter (901) mayinclude proximal (902) and distal (903) ends configured such that theproximal end has a large fluid opening and at least one protrusion (904)disposed around the circumference thereof and configure to cooperativelycouple with indentations on a manifold body to secure the basket filtertherein. A basket filter may include a plurality of apertures disposedalong the length of the body thereof. In many embodiments the pluralityof apertures may be located on the distal wall (906) and/or the sidewall(907) of the basket filter body. In some embodiments, the apertures maybe formed with different opening sizes. For example, in many embodimentsdistal-wall apertures (909) may be formed that have smaller openingsthan sidewall apertures (911). In other embodiments, the most proximalsidewall aperture(s) (913) may have larger openings than distal sidewallapertures (911). In even other embodiments, when smaller aperture(s) areclogged, larger apertures may allow for continued vacuum flow byproviding non-occludable overflow fluid paths. Embodiments of the basket(901) may also have a cross-sectional circumference that varies alongthe length thereof (e.g., in some embodiments the distal cross-sectioncircumference is shorter than the most-proximal cross-sectionalcircumference).

Although basket filter elements have been described thus far, it will beunderstood that alternative filter element configurations may beincorporated into the manifold design in accordance with embodiments.For example, in various embodiments the basket filter may be replaced bya cone filter (not shown). The use of a cone filter enablesoff-the-shelf filter material (paper, wire or plastic mesh, porousfilms, etc.) to be folded into a cone and placed within the manifoldbody. Such an embodiment requires no tooling and will be easy tore-process and/or change filter design on demand. In still otheralternative embodiments, as depicted in FIG. 10, at least oneaperture-containing filter disk element (1001) may be used in place of,or in conjunction with, a basket. In many such embodiments, anaperture-containing filter disk element may contain apertures ofdifferent sizes. In some embodiments, smaller apertures are located onthe lower portion (1003) of a disk and larger apertures are located onthe upper portion (1005) of a disk filter (relative to fluid flow). Invarious such embodiments, larger apertures may allow for continuedvacuum flow if smaller apertures become clogged by providing overflowfluid flow. Embodiments are also directed to an aperture-containing diskfilter element (1001) that may fit into the manifold via a groove (1007)or cooperative protrusions, such that at least a portion of an edge of adisk filter cooperatively engages the manifold body to secure said diskin relation thereto.

Although specific arrangements of filter elements, apertures andsecuring elements have been set forth above, it should be understoodthat many variations may be made to such filter elements withoutdeparting from the scope of embodiments. In many embodiments the number,size and disposition of apertures within a filter element may be varied.Likewise, although the filter elements have been shown havingprotrusions that fit within indentations in the manifold body, it willbe understood that the such elements may be disposed in an oppositearrangement such that the protrusions are located on the manifold bodyand indentations are disposed on the filter element without departingfrom the scope of embodiments.

FIG. 11 depicts another embodiment in which a valve body (1101) canintegrate into a vacuum port outlet (1102) disposed in the distal end ofa manifold to provide an openable entry through which a vacuum element(such as a suction tube) from a vacuum device may be engaged. In manyembodiments the resilient valve body comprises a membrane (1103) formedof a resilient material configured span the valve port (1101), and whichmay have an orifice (not shown) disposed therein. The location of avacuum port (1102) and valve body (1101) may be offset from the axialcenter (e.g., lower portion (1104)) of the manifold body within a distalwall (1105). In some embodiments, a distal wall (1105) is thick enough(1107) such that a valve body (1101) can firmly integrate within thedistal wall. In other embodiments, a valve body (1101) has at least onewing (1109) on its edge configured to cooperatively engage a hollowsection of the distal wall (1105) to help securely integrate the valvebody. In even other embodiments, a valve body (1101) has a groove (1111)such that a protruded edge of the vacuum port outlet can help securelyintegrate the valve body.

Although a single resilient valve body configuration is shown in FIG.11, it should be understood that such a resilient valve body comprisinga resilient membrane configured to occlude the vacuum port outlet, mightbe used in association with the manifold. Exemplary embodiments ofresilient valve bodies are depicted in FIGS. 12A to 12G. In someembodiments, a valve body has at least one wing (1201) on a portion ofits edge configured to be secured within the distal wall of the manifoldbody (as described in FIG. 11). In other embodiments, a valve body doesnot have a wing, but incorporates a circumferential groove (1202)configured to engaged the annular opening of the vacuum port outlet (asdescribed in FIG. 11). A valve body may have a dome-like shape (1203)protruding inward. As such, a vacuum element, such as suction tube orequivalent, may be able to fit within a cavity (1205) within a dome-likeshape (1203) to form a tight seal. In embodiments, a valve body may havean orifice (e.g., one or more slits) (1207) that allows for vacuum flow,but prevents solid or semi-solid particulate to pass. It would beunderstood, that alternative perforations within a valve body could beused that may allow for vacuum flow and prevent solid or semi-solidparticulate to pass.

For example, various embodiments, as shown in FIG. 12F may take aduckbill configuration. Regardless of the form taken by such a resilientvalve body, the fluid communication pathway at the vacuum outlet port ineach case is sealed by a resilient member (e.g., a membrane as shown anddescribed in FIGS. 12A to 12E above, or a barrel resilient valve body(1213) as shown in FIG. 12F). In any of these configuration, as shown inFIG. 12F, upon insertion of the vacuum inlet (1215) into the resilientvalve body and progressive insertion into the resilient valve body, thevalve body is deformed (as shown in FIG. 12G). This deformation opens afluid communications pathway (1217) between the vacuum inlet and theinterior of the manifold body. For example, in the embodiment shown inFIGS. 12F and 12G a duckbill barrel (1213) with a narrow section (1219)containing a wall with a slit (1221) is provided. In the absence of avacuum inlet, the wall slit (like a duck bill valve) is closed toprevent fluid communication therethrough. In the presence of a vacuuminlet, the vacuum inlet displaces the wall outward (1223). The mechanismpictured shows the vacuum inlet acting as an internal mandrel to pushthe walls of the resilient valve body outward thereby opening a fluidcommunication pathway. Many alternative embodiments using such a barrelconfiguration may be provided. For example, the barrel may comprisemultiple slits along the length of the barrel where insertion of thevacuum inlet compresses the barrel axially causing the walls to buckleoutwards thereby opening at least one fluid communicating pathway. Inthis embodiment, the vacuum inlet does not necessarily insert into thebarrel or over the barrel, and the only contacting surface may be thevery tip of the vacuum inlet.

Regardless of the specific design of such resilient valve bodies, thenatural resiliency of the valve body material closes the fluidcommunications pathway when the vacuum inlet is removed or no axial loadis being applied. For example, a valve body could be alternativelyshaped like an umbrella or a needle and still be capable of necessaryfunction. In many such embodiments the resilient valve body may beformed of a resilient polymeric material (e.g., rubber) having adurometer shore hardness value of from 30 to 50 such that the valve bodyallows for the repeated deformation of the resilient valve body whileengaged with the vacuum inlet (such as a suction tube) of the vacuumdevice while still being sufficiently resilient to maintain a fluid sealonce removed from vacuum device. In one embodiment, the resilient valvebody could contain a mechanical wiper feature (like an O-ring) thatwipes the external surface of the vacuum inlet clean upon removal.

Although embodiments of valve bodies incorporating resilient membranesor other mechanisms have been described, it will be understood thatvalve bodies provided to openably occlude the valve port outlet may beused. FIGS. 13 to 15 provide a number of alternative valve bodyembodiments. As shown in FIGS. 13A to 13F, in various embodiments amechanical element configured to move distally when engaged with avacuum inlet element, such as a suction tube, (1301) of a vacuum devicemay be used. In such an embodiment the insertion of the vacuum deviceelement (such as a suction tube) into the vacuum port outlet (1302)forces the valve body to move inward thereby opening a fluid pathbetween the interior (1303) of the manifold body (1304). As shown in theFigures, these valve bodies may take a number of forms, including forexample, a rotatable element (1305) as shown in FIG. 13A, aspring-loaded element (1306) as shown in FIGS. 13B and 13C, a pivotableelement (1307) as shown in FIG. 13D, a receptacle flange (1308) as shownin FIG. 13E, or a needle element (1309) as shown in FIG. 13F.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 13E many embodiments incorporate areceptacle valve body (1308) that forms a fluid-tight seal with thevacuum port outlet (1302) and interfaces with the inside or outside ofthe vacuum inlet element of the vacuum device (1301) (e.g., suctiontube). In various embodiments a receptacle flange relies on a springforce (not shown) to maintain a closed position before the vacuum inletis inserted. In the closed position (as shown in the upper portion ofFIG. 13E, there is no fluid communication between the inside of themanifold (1303) and the vacuum inlet (1301). Upon insertion of thevacuum inlet, the receptacle flange is displaced inwardly (as shown inthe lower portion of FIG. 13E) thereby creating a fluid communicationpathway (1311). Although in the embodiment shown, the fluid pathway isformed by a single outlet aperture (1313) that enables fluidcommunication between the vacuum inlet (1301), the receptacle and valvebody (1308), and the interior of the manifold (1303), it should beunderstood that any number or configuration of such outlet apertures maybe contemplated in accordance with embodiments. In various embodimentsthe outlet aperture could be, for example, a slit, circular hole, orlarge window that allows controlled flow of material through the valveand into the suction tube. Alternatively, a plurality of outletapertures could be used to achieve various outcomes like control of flowrates, increase or decrease resistance to flow, or to intentionally clogwith debris if particles exceed a predetermined size or shape. Theoutlet apertures could be used to strain or sieve aspirated materialslike a plurality of small circular outlet apertures.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 13A to 13C, a number of differentmechanical valve bodies and outlet aperture configurations may beprovided. For example, in these embodiments the fluid communicationpathway (1311) is perpendicular to the axis of the valve body mechanism.In these sliding configurations, the natural state of the slidingelement of the valve body (1305) and (1306) is to prevent a fluidcommunication pathway from the interior (1303) of the manifold to thevacuum inlet (1301) (see FIGS. 13A and 13B). Insertion of the vacuuminlet (e.g., suction tube) forces a valve body to slide away from itsclosed position and expose a fluid communication pathway (1311) througha lateral outlet aperture (1313) (as shown in FIG. 13C). The slidingmotion may be further accommodated by a rotating motion, such as, forexample, from a gentle thread or lead-screw (1315) as shown in FIG. 13A.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 13A, in such embodiments the vacuum outletmay be raised above the lower wall (1316) of the manifold body (1304).In such embodiments, the position of the valve body in relation to themanifold body would prevent backflow conditions in an open but unpoweredstate by raising the vacuum port outlet (1302) to the vacuum inlet(e.g., suction tube) relative to the bottom of the manifold body asdefined by gravity when the system is in the open position. This may bebeneficial for an open valve in the unpowered state (i.e., where noactive suction was being applied through the vacuum inlet) as themanifold body would be prevented from draining into the unpowered vacuuminlet prior to application of a suction force.

Alternatively, instead of a sliding component, as shown in FIG. 13D, thevalve body may take the form of a hinged component (1307), with oneportion (1317) being configured (such as in a spherical form) to sealagainst the inner wall (1319) of the manifold to reduce leaking of biotafrom the manifold, and another portion (1321) being mounted to themanifold body (1304). In such embodiments, upon insertion of the vacuuminlet (1301), which pushes the sealing portion of the hinged valve bodycomponent (1307) away from the inner wall of the manifold body, thehinge pivots or flexes (as shown in the lower portion of FIG. 13D), thusallowing the sealing component to move and allow biota to be passedthrough the vacuum inlet. Likewise, when the vacuum inlet is removed,the hinged component closes back to its original position thus closingoff the vacuum port outlet (1302) to the vacuum inlet.

In still other embodiments, the fluid communication pathway (1311) fromthe vacuum inlet (1301) to the vacuum port outlet (1302) is controlledby a needle valve body element (1309) where a tapered surface (theneedle element) is seated against the opening of the vacuum port outletto prevent fluid flow from the interior of the manifold body (1303).Displacement (e.g., axial or rotational) of the tapered surface (1309)gradually opens a fluid communication pathway (1311) between the taperedsurface (1309) and the outlet (1302). In one embodiment, the taperedsurface (1309) terminates with a flange (1323) of material at its distalend. This flange is configured to engage with the tip (1325) of thevacuum inlet in such a way that insertion of the vacuum inlet causesdisplacement of the flange and attached tapered surface to create anopening between the valve body and the surface of the vacuum portoutlet. Removal of the vacuum inlet enables the tapered surface tore-seat against the outlet opening. In many such embodiments the amountof taper of the valve body (1309) may be controlled to determine theamount of displacement required to provide a fluid pathway between themanifold body and vacuum inlet. In many embodiments, the tapered surfaceis a cone and the opening is circular. As in many pervious embodiments,a spring attached to the tapered valve body may be provided to ensurethe natural state of the needle valve body is to be seated within thevacuum port outlet. In such embodiments, insertion of the vacuum inletovercomes the spring resistance to open the valve body and create afluid communications pathway through the entire device (e.g., from thesuction port, through the manifold body, through the needle valve body,and out through the vacuum inlet).

Regardless of the specific design of such a mechanical valve body, itwill also be understood that in many embodiments the removal of thevacuum inlet (1301) therefrom results in the closure of the fluidpathway. For example, as described many embodiments incorporate a springelement, in such embodiments, on removal of the tube, the spring forcepresses the valve body to re-seat on the vacuum port outlet therebyreforming a fluid-tight seal. The valve body and/or vacuum port outletmay contain a sharp cutting edge that enhances valve seating and/orenables cutting of tissue fragments that prevent the valve from closingcompletely. The valve spring strength may be selected to enable valveclosing despite accumulated debris from the tissue/fluid aspirationthrough the vacuum port outlet. Alternatively, the spring strength maybe chosen to prevent the valve from crushing tissue contained within anoutlet aperture thereby preserving this tissue for later use. A furtheralternative embodiment contemplates a one-way valve that maintains aclosed system prior to application of the vacuum inlet, but thatprevents the valve from re-closing after the vacuum inlet (e.g., suctiontube) is removed (i.e.,—the valve body does not re-seat after one use).Another embodiment contemplates that the valve bodies may be supplied inan open condition and that irreversibly seat to form a fluid-tight sealafter a single use to prevent reprocessing of the manifold.

Regardless of the specific design of the valve body and its mode ofoperation, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, in all embodiments a seatingportion (1401) must be provided such that the vacuum inlet (1403) isaligned with the valve body (1405) housed within the manifold body(1407). This seating portion can be of various forms and functions. Thepurpose of such a seating portion is to maintain contact between thevalve body and vacuum inlet as the vacuum device removes biota throughthe manifold body. The valve can maintain a point contact, tapered (asshown in FIG. 14) and/or a line to line contact, non-tapered (as shownin FIG. 15), with the vacuum inlet. The tapered design (as shown)creates a seating portion (1401) around the vacuum inlet (1403) of aspecific diameter towards the distal end (1409) of the manifold body(1407) but reduces it's specified diameter as it moves towards theproximal end (1411) of the manifold body. The non-tapered designmaintains the specified diameter of its seating portion (1501)throughout the length of the seating portion contacting the vacuum inlet(1503).

Regardless of the specific design of the seating portion, embodimentsmay be provided where the valve body interfaces with the inside of thevacuum inlet ensuring that the outside of the suction tube is neverexposed to human waste, thereby alleviating the concern where acontaminated vacuum inlet surface interfaces with tissues beingcollected for future processing or re-implantation (e.g.,—if bonefragment tissues accumulated in the manifold body are to be used in asubsequent bone graft procedure, contamination from theunclean/non-sterile vacuum inlet is a route for communication ofdisease).

FIG. 16A depicts an embodiment of the proximal end of a waste collectionmanifold (1601) that may include a suction port assembly (1603). In someembodiments, a suction port assembly (1603) can attach to the proximalend of a manifold (1601) and be fluidly sealed therewith. Embodiments ofa suction port assembly (1603) may have at least one suction port (1611)that provides a fluid pathway through the body of the suction portassembly from outside the waste collection manifold body to inside(1613) the proximal end thereof. Embodiments of a suction port (1611)have at least a portion (1615) configured to mate with a patient suctiontube (not shown) that would be inserted as appropriate within a patientto collect biota. Although a specific arrangement of suction ports hasbeen shown, it should be understood that any number and arrangement ofsuction ports may be incorporated into the suction port assembly asnecessary to allow for biota to flow from a patient into the manifoldbody.

Although the suction port assembly may be integrally formed with themanifold body, in many embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 16A to 16C, asuction port assembly (1603) may be provided that is a separate elementfrom the manifold body (1601). In such embodiments the suction portassembly may incorporate a sealing element (1605), such as, for example,an O-ring seal, capable of forming a fluid tight seal between thesuction port assembly and the proximal end of a manifold body (1601). Invarious embodiments, as shown in detail in FIGS. 16B and 16C, thesealing element (1605) is held between upper (1606), lower (1607), inner(1608) and outer (1609) surfaces disposed between the manifold body(1601) and suction port assembly (1603) such that the sealing element(e.g., O-ring, among other) (1605) is securely held in a sealingarrangement there between. In some such embodiments, a suction portassembly (1603) may also incorporate at least one mechanical lock (1617)(e.g., a latch, press-fit, etc.) to securely interconnect the suctionport assembly with a waste collection manifold body (1601). In othersuch embodiments, the internal surface of the proximal end of a manifold(1601) may include features, such as, for example, grooved intrusions(1609) to cooperatively interact with the mechanical lock (1607) toallow it to engage the waste collection manifold body. In some suchembodiments the groove intrusions (1619) comprise an angled element(1621) that encourages the inward movement of the mechanical lock duringinsertion of the suction port assembly into the waste manifold. The lockmechanism, in accordance with embodiments, may be unidirectional, suchthat once engaged with the manifold body the suction port assemblycannot be removed from the manifold body.

Suction port assemblies in accordance with certain embodiments aredepicted in FIGS. 17A to 17E. As shown, in many embodiments a suctionport assembly (1701) will have at least one suction port tube (1703) andmay have four, or more, suction ports. The number of suction ports mayvary depending on application and necessity, for example, an embodimentshowing a suction port assembly comprising a single suction port tube isshown in FIG. 17D. In many embodiments, a suction port assembly (1701)will have a body portion (1705) configured to span the opening of thewaste manifold to form the proximal wall of a manifold body. In someembodiments, a suction port tube (1703) may begin on a proximal side(1707) of the suction port assembly body (1705) that, when assembledwith the waste manifold, is disposed exterior to the waste manifold, andextends through the suction port assembly body into the distal side(1709), that when assembled with the waste manifold, is disposedinterior to the waste manifold. Embodiments of a suction port assembly(1703) may have mechanical locking mechanisms, such as, for example,hooks (1713) that may help secure the suction port assembly to the wastemanifold. Other embodiments of a suction port assembly (1703) mayincorporate a fluid sealing mechanism such as a groove (1715) into whichan O-ring can be situated to provide a fluid tight seal between thesuction port assembly and the waste manifold.

The proximal portion (1717) of a suction port (1703) may be configuredto interconnect with a patient suction tube. In some embodiments, asuction port (1703) will have at least one cap (1718) capable of fittingonto a portion of the proximal portion of a suction port tube (1703). Insome particular embodiments, a tether (1719) is attached between a cap(1718) and a suction port assembly (1701).

The distal portion (1720) of a suction port tube (1703) may have avariety of lengths and configurations. In some embodiments, as shown inFIGS. 17A to 17C, the suction ports tube may extend into the interior ofthe manifold body to direct flow. The internally-extended suction porttubes may be configured to optimize flow or prevent accumulated debrisfrom blocking flow. The internally-extended suction port tubes can alsoenable the collection of particulates in one region of the basket filterto preserve filtration of fluids in other regions of the filter usingother ports. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 17A to 17E theextent to which the distal ends (1720) of the suction port tubes (1703)extend within the manifold body (1722) may vary such that the inflow ofbiota from a patient does not occur at the same point within themanifold body, thus reducing turbulent flow. In some such embodiments,as is shown in FIG. 17E, the length of the distal ends of the suctionport tubes may depend on their position relative to manifold body whenthe manifold body is disposed within and oriented relative to thecooperative vacuum device. In particular, in many embodiments thesuction ports may be grouped between upper suction ports (1724) andlower suction ports (1726), wherein the upper suction ports arepositioned above the lower suction ports (relative to the direction ofgravity) when the manifold body is in the upright position (e.g., whenthe manifold is attached to the vacuum device for operation). In suchembodiments the distal ends of the upper suction ports are longer thanthe distal ends of the lower suction ports, wherein the length of thedistal ends of the lower suction ports are configured such that theoutlet of such ports (1728) into the manifold body are disposed abovethe fluid level within the manifold body such that backflow of biota upthe outlets of the suction ports is prevented. Regardless of thespecific design and configuration of the suction ports, in manyembodiments the distal ends of the suction port tubes are configured tohave a scalloped opening (1730), where such scalloped openings mayenhance fluid flow and may prevent turbulence within the manifold body.

In alternative embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 18A to 18D, a suction portassembly (1801) may incorporate one or more reflux valves (1803)disposed adjacent to the outlets (1805) at the distal end of the atleast one suction port tube (1809). As shown, a reflux valve (1803) maytake any suitable form (such as for example, a resilient flapper valveor mechanical device) that incorporates a sealing portion (1811)configured to seal the distal end outlet of the suction port tube. Aseal between a reflux valve and suction port tube may be configured toprevent backflow of waste or particulate matter back through the suctionport tube. In particular, in many embodiments the reflux valve ispre-disposed to maintain a seal with the suction port tube to eliminatebiota entering or exiting the manifold body in a static state. In someembodiments, a reflux valve (1803) may be made of a flexible material(e.g., rubber or silicone) that allows it to bend backward when biota isurged through the manifold by the operation of suction from the vacuumdevice. It should be understood that the specific design of such refluxvalves may take many suitable forms and configurations. In manyembodiments, as shown in FIGS. 18B and 18C, the sealing portions (1811)of the reflux valve (1803) may be interconnected through an outer ring(1813) that engages within the suction port assembly or between thesuction port assembly and manifold body (e.g., at the interface betweenthe manifold body (1815) and suction port assembly (1801)).

Although the sealing portions of the reflux valve may take any suitableform such that a fluid seal may be made between the outlet of a suctionport tube and the interior of the manifold body, in many embodiments,the sealing portions may be configured to have a spherical geometry(e.g., a domed aspect) on the side of the sealing portion that engagesthe outlet of the suction port tube, as shown in FIG. 18D. Regardless ofthe design of the sealing portion (1811), the sealing portion is allowedto pivot or flex relative to the outlet (1805), such that when suctionis applied through a vacuum inlet while penetrating the manifold body,the sealing portions pivot relative to the outlet and allow biota topass through the suction port tubes and through the manifold body.

Although specific embodiments of a reflux valve are provided in FIG. 18in which sealing portions are securely engaged relative to the outletsof the suction port tubes via a support ring, it should be understoodthat many other configurations may be contemplated to provide similarbackflow protection. In many configurations, as shown in FIG. 19, thereflux valve (1901) including sealing portions (1903) may float freelywithin a specified space (1905) of the manifold body (1907). In manysuch embodiments, when suction is applied, the reflux valve moves awayfrom the suction port outlets (1909), allowing biota to pass from thesuction port tubes (1911) through the manifold body and out through avacuum outlet port (not shown). When suction ceases, the floating refluxvalve (1901) assumes a position that causes the sealing portions (e.g.,spherical or domes domes) to interface with the suction port tubes suchthat no residual biota existing in the manifold body can pass throughthe suction port tubes.

Although reflux valves for the prevention of backflow have beendescribed, other mechanisms may be provided to prevent backflow. In manyembodiments, as shown in FIG. 20, the proximal end (2001) of eachpossible suction port tube of the suction port assembly may take theform of a valve. In many such embodiments the proximal end incorporatesa reciprocating valve body (2005) comprising a cylindrical tube (2007)that is rotatable relative to the longitudinal axis of the proximal endof the suction port tube and that is configured to be cooperative with apatient suction tube (not shown). Within the rotatable cylindrical tuberesides at least one hollow tube (2009) disposed coaxial with thelongitudinal axis of the rotatable cylindrical tube such that then thecylindrical tube is rotated such that the hollow tube is not alignedwith the longitudinal axis of the suction port tube, no substance canflow through the suction port tube. When the cylindrical tube is rotatedsuch that the hollow tube aligns with the longitudinal axis of thesuction port tube, then biota can pass through the suction port tube andinto the manifold body. In addition, when the rotating cylindrical tubeis not aligned, it may operate to reduce the ability of biota trappedwithin the manifold body to exit the suction port tube.

Although embodiments of caps to be used in association with the proximalends (e.g., inlets) of the suction port tubes, it should be understoodthat these caps may incorporate a variety of features. As shown in FIGS.21A to 21C, many embodiments of a cap (2101) capable of fitting onto theproximal end of a port tube may be fixed with a tether (2103). In someembodiments, a tether (2103) will have a base (2105) at the point ofconnection (2107) wider than the width of the remainder of the length ofthe tether. In other embodiments, a connection (2107) between a cap(2101) and a tether (2103) may be strengthened with one or more supportgussets (2109) that bind a sidewall of the cap with the tether. Invarious such embodiments the caps may include identifiers (e.g.,numbers) (2111) such that the associated suction port tubes may bedistinguished one from the other when multiple suction port tubes areprovided.

Embodiments are also directed to waste manifolds and methods of formingwaste manifolds via a welding process. Exemplary embodiments of suchwaste-manifold assemblies are provided in FIGS. 22A and 22B. A baskethaving protrusions at the proximal end can be incorporated within amanifold body. In some such embodiments, a manifold body may be formedby welding together a first side outer casing (2203) with a second sideouter casing (2205). Embodiments are directed to a first side outercasing (2203) having a tongue (2207) that extends along at least aportion of the first side edge (2209), and a second side outer casing(2205) that may have a cooperative groove (2211) that extends along acongruous portion of the second side edge (2213) such that a first sidetongue (2207) can situate cooperatively in a second side groove (2211).Although in the pictured embodiments, the tongue (2207) is positioned onthe left side of the manifold body and the groove (2211) on the rightside, it should be understood that these configurations may be reversed,or the split between the two sides. A first side outer casing (2203) anda second side outer casing (2205) may leave a proximal opening (2214)capable of receiving a suction port assembly (not shown) and acircumferential groove (2215) adjacent the proximal opening capable ofreceiving a sealing element (e.g., O-ring). In addition, or in thealternative, the halves of an outer casing may leave a distal opening(2217) capable of receiving a valve body (not shown). Indentations(2219) disposed on the interior walls of one or both the first sideouter casing (2203) and/or a second side outer casing (2205) may beconfigured to cooperatively engage protrusions (2221) on a filterelement (2223) that may be situate within the interior of the manifoldbody. Although a filter basket is shown in FIG. 22A, in alternativeembodiments, a disc or another device capable of capturing solid orsemi-solid waste may be situated within the manifold body. In manyembodiments of such weld joints, as shown in FIG. 22B, the tongue (2207)is configured such that when engaged within the groove (2211) at least aportion thereof (e.g., edge) (2225) bites into the body of the groovecontaining outer casing (2205) to thus ensure a fluid tight seal isformed therebetween.

Although specific embodiments have been described it should beunderstood that other features may be included with the waste manifoldherein described. In many embodiments, an RFID (radio frequencyidentification device) or Bluetooth device may be incorporated into themanifold. In such embodiments the RFID/Bluetooth device can serve as afunctional modifier of the manifold status (open vs. closed in thepresence of an RFID/Bluetooth signal). Another function of theRFID/Bluetooth feature is to program vacuum settings for the procedureand/or device being inserted. Also, the RFID/Bluetooth feature canprevent unauthorized devices from being used with the vacuum device. Invarious embodiments, the vacuum port valve may be actively controlled byan RFID/Bluetooth device such that the vacuum port valve is open inproximity to the RFID/Bluetooth signal generator and the vacuum portvalve is closed when no or insufficient signal is sensed. In analternative embodiment, the vacuum port valve contains a magneticcomponent that may be configured to be attracted to the vacuum inlet ofthe vacuum device to enable vacuum port valve sealing and/or closure. Inyet another alternative embodiment, the magnetic component in the vacuumport valve may be repelled by the vacuum inlet to enable valve opening.

DOCTRINE OF EQUIVALENTS

This description of the invention has been presented for the purposes ofillustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or tolimit the invention to the precise form described, and manymodifications and variations are possible in light of the teachingabove. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to bestexplain the principles of the invention and its practical applications.This description will enable others skilled in the art to best utilizeand practice the invention in various embodiments and with variousmodifications as are suited to a particular use. The scope of theinvention is defined by the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A manifold for connection to a waste collectionvacuum device, comprising: a manifold body having proximal and distalends and defining an internal volume providing a fluid paththerebetween, and wherein the manifold body has an angular bend disposedalong the length thereof, such that the proximal end lies along a firstlongitudinal axis and the distal end lies along a second longitudinalaxis, and wherein the first and second longitudinal axes are angularlyoffset; a suction port assembly disposed within the proximal end of themanifold body, and providing at least one suction port providing a fluidpath into the internal volume of the manifold body; a vacuum portdisposed within the distal end of the manifold body, and providing atleast one fluid outlet from the internal volume of the manifold body,the vacuum port being configured to receive a vacuum inlet integral withthe vacuum device; a filter element secured within the internal volumeof the manifold body such that the fluid path between the proximal anddistal ends passes therethrough; at least one orientation featuredisposed on the outer surface of the manifold body and configured toaffix the manifold body within the vacuum device and fix the orientationof the manifold body relative to the vacuum device; and wherein themanifold body and at least one orientation feature are configured suchthat when the manifold body is affixed within the vacuum device the atleast one suction port disposed in the proximal end of the manifold bodyis angled upward relative to the direction of gravity.
 2. The manifoldof claim 1, wherein the angular offset is greater than 25° and less than90°.
 3. The manifold of claim 2, wherein the angular bend is greaterthan 30° and less than 60°.
 4. The manifold of claim 3, wherein theangular bend is about 45°.
 5. The manifold of claim 1, wherein theangular bend offsets the suction port from the fluid path disposed alongthe second longitudinal axis of the manifold body sufficiently toprevent reflux of a liquid waste back through the suction port.
 6. Themanifold of claim 1, wherein the filter element is a basket disposedalong the second longitudinal axis and containing a plurality ofapertures having at least a first aperture dimension, the plurality ofapertures forming a portion of the fluid path through the manifold body.7. The manifold of claim 6, wherein the basket has at least oneoverflow-relief aperture having a second aperture dimension lamer thanthe at least first aperture dimension, the overflow-relief aperturebeing positioned adjacent to the top of the manifold body when themanifold body is affixed within the vacuum device.
 8. The manifold ofclaim 6, wherein the basket has a plurality of apertures of at least twodifferent aperture dimensions, and wherein the apertures disposedproximally along the basket have a larger aperture dimension than theapertures disposed distally along the basket.
 9. The manifold of claim6, wherein the basket has at least one protrusion disposed around thecircumference thereof configured to cooperatively engage with at leastone indentation disposed within an inner wall of the manifold body toaffix the basket therein.
 10. The manifold of claim 9, wherein the atleast one protrusion uniquely orients the basket within the manifoldbody when coupled with the at least one cooperative indentation.
 11. Themanifold of claim 1, wherein the proximal end of at least one suctionport is configured to mate with a suction tube.
 12. The manifold ofclaim 1, wherein the suction port assembly comprises a plurality ofsuction ports.
 13. The manifold of claim 1, wherein the suction portassembly further comprises a sealing element configured to provide afluid seal between the suction port assembly and the proximal end of themanifold body.
 14. The manifold of claim 13, wherein the sealing elementis an O ring.
 15. The manifold of claim 1, wherein the suction portassembly further comprises at least one mechanical lock configured tosecurely interconnect the suction port assembly with the proximal end ofthe manifold body.
 16. The manifold of claim 1, wherein the suction portassembly comprises at least two suction ports, and wherein the at leasttwo suction ports have distal outlets that extend within the internalvolume of the manifold body, and wherein at least one suction portdistally extends further within the manifold body than at least oneother suction port.
 17. The manifold of claim 16, wherein the variationof distal extension of the at least two suction ports are configured toreduce turbulence of a flow of fluid into the internal volume throughthe suction ports.
 18. The manifold of claim 1, wherein the suction portassembly is comprised of four suction ports.
 19. The manifold of claim18, wherein two suction ports are disposed as upper suction ports andtwo suction ports are disposed as lower suction ports, such that theupper suction ports are positioned above the lower suction portsrelative to the direction of gravity when the manifold body is affixedwithin the vacuum device.
 20. The manifold of claim 19, wherein thedistal ends of the upper suction ports are longer than the distal endsof the lower suction ports, and wherein the distance that the distalends of the lower suction ports extend within the internal volume isconfigured such that the distal ends are disposed above the lowestportion of an overflow aperture disposed within the filter element, suchthat reflux of waste up the outlets of the suction port tubes isprevented.